process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the DNA makeup of an organism. [the process of using recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology to alter the genetic makeup of an organism.it is meant to transform healthcare and agriculture in ways that may add to exsiting inequalities. Gene therapy is a theraputic strategy using G.E. techniques to treat various diseases. Thesis statement: genetic engineering has the potential to revolutionalize the future of humankind, but also poses significant ethical & societal risks.