Media, Journalism and Digital Labour Final ProjectProfIndividually or in small groups (up to 3 students) student will develop a final project relating to themes of the course in Essay, Creative Project, or Annotated Bibliography formats (see Option A and Option B and Option C).Your final project must incorporate *at least* one reading from The List below (or our syllabus). in total, please incorporate the work of 3-5 texts; some may be scholarly peer-reviewed texts and others may be blog posts or materials from popular media.Keep in mind that each student must also turn in a Final CourseWork Statement, reflecting on their learning during the final project, and throughout the course.Option A: EssayAt least 2000 words (not more than 2500 words)Developing the research question or questions from your Final Project Proposal, write an essay of about 2000 words. The essay must incorporate *at least* one reading from the list below, as well as additional materials in the form of other scholarly articles and/or books and case studies. The essay must relate in some way to themes of this course. You must use direct reference (quotations) to scholarly materials and develop your ideas in a coherent and organized way.You must also include a Works Cited or References list as well as in-text citations using MLA, APA or Chicago style.Your essay should include the following at the top of your essay:The name or names student/sTitle of the projectIndicate which citation style you are using (MLA, APA, Chicago)If you are working in a group, you must indicate what work each member did for the the project.Grading Rubric Essay (at least 2000 words):Development of ideas: /10Organization of ideas: /5Appropriate use of research materials, including readings provided: /5Formatting and citation of research materials: /5Writing mechanics (grammar, spelling, sentence structure): /5TOTAL: /30Option B: Creative Project + Critical AppendixDeveloping the research question or questions from the Final Project Proposal, develop the creative project that you have discussed with Prof. Cowan. In addition to your creative project, you must also write a Critical Appendix of about in which you reference at least one of the readings from the list below. The critical appendix is a short piece of writing in which you discuss your research question or questions and develop the critical ideas of your creative project. You must include direct references (quotations) to your chosen reading and may also cite additional research materials. You must include in-text citations as well as a Works Cited or References list using MLA, APA or Chicago style.Keep in mind that each student must also turn in a Final CourseWork Statement, reflecting on their learning during the final project, and throughout the course.At the top of your Critical Appendix, you must include the following:The name or names of student/sTitle of the projectIndicate which citation style you are using (MLA, APA, Chicago)If you are working in a group, you must indicate what work each member did for the the project.Grading Rubric Creative Project:Creative Project: /10 (development of ideas in your chosen form)Critical Appendix (at least 1000 words): /20Development and organization of ideas, including appropriate use of research materials, including readings provided: /10Formatting and citation of research materials: /5Writing mechanics (grammar, spelling, sentence structure): /5TOTAL: /30Option C: Annotated Bibliography + Conclusion/Analysis – Read instructions below.The Annotated Bibliography is a good option for students who are exploring a research question across a few different texts and looking to better understand a research problem or topic without necessarily developing the narrative arc of an essay.Keep in mind that each student must also turn in a Final CourseWork Statement, reflecting on their learning during the final project, and throughout the course.Instructions: Students must use template provided. Download template here: Annotated Bibliography Template_1.docx Download Annotated Bibliography Template_1.docxStudents choose at least one reading from the list provided in class and 2 additional readings (these additional readings may be from The List or students can do their own research and find 2 additional readings).Structure of Annotated Bibliography:Name/sTitle of your projectWhat bibliographic style you are using (MLA, APA or Chicago)Part 1: Research Question – Give your research question or questions and indicate that you will be exploring this question/s through the annotated bibliography form.Part 2: Annotated bibliography – For each article/reading include the full bibliographic citation followed by 2 double-spaced pages of summary and analysis (about 500 words *each*)– what are the main ideas/arguments of this reading and how does it help you to answer or develop your research question/s? Each annotation must include direct reference to the essay and in-text citations.Part 3: Conclusion/Analysis — write a 2 page (double-spaced) conclusion (about 500 words) that brings together the ideas in the three annotations and builds your own analysis towards responding to the research question/s. Must include direct reference and in-text citations to the 3 essays.Example: Part two: Annotated bibliography example:Essay 1Pfeffer, J., T. Zorbach, and K. M. Carley, ‘Understanding Online Firestorms: Negative Word-of-Mouth Dynamics in Social Media Networks’, Journal of Marketing Communications, 20.1–2 (2014), 117–28Write 2 pages double-spaced with a summary of the article and its main points. Also write about how the essay helps you to answer your research question or helps you to re-frame your research question/s. (about 500 words)Essay 2Bhuyan, Rupaleem, Daphne Jeyapal, Jane Ku, Izumi Sakamoto, and Elena Chou, ‘Branding “Canadian Experience” in Immigration Policy: Nation Building in a Neoliberal Era’, Journal of International Migration and Integration, 18.1 (2017), 47–62Write 2 pages double-spaced with a summary of the article and its main points. Also write about how the essay helps you to answer your research question or helps you to re-frame your research question/s. (about 500 words)Essay 3Swartz, Andi, ‘Critical Blogging: Constructing Femmescapes Online’, Ada: A Journal of Gender, New Media, and Technology, 9 (2016) [accessed 24 October 2017]Write 2 pages double-spaced with a summary of the article and its main points. Also write about how the essay helps you to answer your research question or helps you to re-frame your research question/s. (about 500 words)Part 3: Conclusion/AnalysisWrite a 2 page (double-spaced) conclusion (about 500 words) that brings together the ideas in the three annotations and builds your own analysis towards responding to the research question/s.Annotated Bibliography Rubric:Research question: /3Annotations: /5 marks each = /15Conclusion/Analysis: /7Formatting, style, organization, mechanics: /5TOTAL: 30Students must work with *at least one* text from The List below:Intersectional Internet (e-books available at U of T Libraries) – choose a chapter from one of the following:1. Noble,Safiya Umoja. Algorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism. (NYU Press, 2018)2. Duarte, Marissa Elena. Network Soveriegnty: Building the Internet Across Indian Country. (University of Washington, 2017)3. Noble, Safiya Umoja and Brendesha M. Tynes. The Intersectional Internet: Race, Sex, Class and Culture Online. (Peter Lang, 2016)Labour issues/unions, etc. in legacy mediaKojola, Erik. “(Re)constructing the Pipeline: Workers, Environmentalists and Ideology in Media Coverage of the Keystone XL Pipeline.” Critical Sociology.6 (2017): 893–917.Labour in games / playborNakamura, Lisa. “Don’t Hate the Player, Hate the Game: The Racialization of Labor in World of Warcraft.” Critical Studies in Media Communication. 2 (2009): 128-144.de Kosnik, Abigail. “Fandom as Free Labor.” In Digital Labor: The Internet as Factory & Playground. Trebor Scholtz. New York: Routledge, 2013. Available on U of T Library – Electronic Books.Web 2.0 LabourFuchs, Christian. ‘Web 2.0, prosumption, and surveillance’, Surveillance & Society , 8.3 (2010): 288-309.Coté, M. and J. Pybus. ‘Learning to immaterial labour 2.0: MySpace and social networks’, ephemera: theory and politics in organization. 7.1 (2007): 88-106.“Free Labour”Terranova, Tiziana. “Free Labor.” In Digital Labor: The Internet as Factory & Playground. Trebor Scholtz. New York: Routledge, 2013. Available on U of T Library – Electronic Books.Ross, Andrew. ‘In search of the lost paycheck’. Digital labor: The Internet as playground and factory. In Digital Labor: The Internet as Factory & Playground. Trebor Scholtz. New York: Routledge, 2013. Available on U of T Library – Electronic Books.Sports, Race + Media WorkHartmann, Douglas. “Rethinking the Relationships between Sport and Race in American Culture: Golden Ghettos and Contested Terrain.” Sociology of Sport Journal 17, no. 3 (September 2000): 229–53.Global distribution of “digital” labourLook through this issue on Gender, Globalization and Media and pick an article: http://adanewmedia.org/issues/issue-archives/issue8/ (Links to an external site.)Aytes, Ayhan. “Return of the Crowds: Mechanical Turk & Neoliberal States of Exception.” In Digital Labor: The Internet as Factory & Playground. Trebor Scholtz. New York: Routledge, 2013. Available on U of T Library – Electronic Books.Desmond Cole, activist labour & the Toronto Star (read all three)Brown, Jesse. “Desmond Cole: Celebrated and Resented.” Canadaland May 1 2017 http://www.canadalandshow.com/podcast/desmond-cole-celebrated-resented/ (Links to an external site.)“A History of Activist Columnists at the Toronto Star” Canadaland JAMIE BRADBURN (Links to an external site.)MAY 26, 2017 http://www.canadalandshow.com/history-activist-columnists-toronto-star (Links to an external site.)/ (Links to an external site.)“Journalists shouldn’t become the news: Public Editor” KATHY ENGLISH Public Editor Thu., May 4, 201 http://www.canadalandshow.com/history-activist-columnists-toronto-star (Links to an external site.)/ (Links to an external site.)Content Farms / Corporate content managers / “pink slime” journalismCohen, Nicole S. “From Pink Slips to Pink Slime: Transforming Media Labor in a Digital Age.” The Communication Review 18, no. 2 (April 3, 2015): 98–122.Roberts, Sarah T. Behind the Screen : Content Moderation in the Shadows of Social Media. Yale University Press, 2019. E-book available at U of T Press. Recommend chapter 1, chapter 2 and/or chapter 5.Social Media and ActivismTufekci, Zeynep. 2014. “Social Media Is a Conversation, Not a Press Release.” Medium. January 13. https://medium.com/technology-and-society/social-media-is-a-conversation-not-a-press-release-4d811b45840d (Links to an external site.)Nesbitt Golden, Jamie & Monique Judge. “Journalism, Social Media & Ethics Part 1 & Part 2”. Center for Solutions to Online Violence. 2016. http://femtechnet.org/csov/journalist/ (Links to an external site.)Tufekci, Zeynep & Christopher Wilson. “Social Media and the Decision to Participate in Political Protest: Observations From Tahrir Square.” Journal of Communication. 62 (2012) 363–379.Social Media LabourAbidin, Crystal. “Communicative ❤ Intimacies: Influencers and Perceived Interconnectedness.” Ada: A Journal of Gender, New Media, and Technology 8 (November 1, 2015). http://adanewmedia.org/2015/11/issue8-abidin/ (Links to an external site.).Maragh, Raven S. “‘Our Struggles Are Unequal’: Black Women’s Affective Labor Between Television and Twitter.” Journal of Communication Inquiry 40, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 351–69. https://doi.org/10.1177/0196859916664082 (Links to an external site.).Nakamura, Lisa. “The Unwanted Labour of Social Media: Women of Colour Call out Culture As Venture Community Management.” New Formations: A Journal of Culture/theory/politics 86, no. 1 (December 16, 2015): 106–12.Abidin, Chrystal. “From ‘Networked Publics’ to ‘Refracted Publics’: A Companion Framework for Researching ‘Below the Radar’ Studies.” Social Media & Society. Jan 2021. 1-13.Disability and labour rights movementsAbbas, Jihan. “A Legacy of Exploitation: Intellectual Disability, Unpaid Labor, & Disability Services.”New Politics, no. 53 (2012). http://newpol.org/content/legacy-exploitation-intellectual-disability-unpaid-labor-disability-services (Links to an external site.).Peers, Danielle. “Patients, Athletes, Freaks: Paralympism and the Reproduction of Disability.” Journal of Sport & Social Issues 36, no. 3 (2012): 295–316. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193723512442201 (Links to an external site.).Transgender labour rights movementscárdenas, micha. “Shifting Futures: Digital Trans of Color Praxis.” Ada: A Journal of Gender, New Media, and Technology 6 (January 4, 2015). http://adanewmedia.org/2015/01/issue6-cardenas/ (Links to an external site.).Irving, Dan. “Normalized Transgressions: Legitimizing the Transsexual Body as Productive.” Radical History Review 2008, no. 100 (December 21, 2008): 38–59.Gender-based Violence, Online violence and the work of securityMendes, Kaitlynn, Jessica Ringrose & Jessalynn Keller. “#MeToo and the promise and pitfalls of challenging rape culture through digital feminist activism.” European Journal of Women’s Studies. 2018. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1350506818765318?casa_token=ArSLFOaBUREAAAAA:G4sZYOF0dA6JoEum5-7k0aRfFuTh7J9MbMSfUoLPWpUa8sqa7tNEri5uXh06winlaWxQ0w3_VzBevw (Links to an external site.)Read through the Centre for Solutions to Online Violence (CS0V) and choose 1-3 references to report on for the class. http://femtechnet.org/csov/ (Links to an external site.)You can also do research on the following anti-violence campaigns:“I Never Ask For It” Campaign http://ineveraskforit.org/ (Links to an external site.) & the “Blank Noise” activist group – based in Bangalore, India http://blog.blanknoise.org/ (Links to an external site.)See Crash Override http://www.crashoverridenetwork.com/ (Links to an external site.)Feminist theories of new media, technology & labourGregg, Melissa. “Learning to (Love) Labour: Production Cultures and the Affective Turn.” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies.2 (June 2009): 209-214.Swartz, Andi. “Critical Blogging: Constructing Femmescapes Online.” Ada: A Journal of Gender, New Media, and Technology 9 (May 1, 2016). http://adanewmedia.org/2016/05/issue9-schwartz/ (Links to an external site.).Cooper, Brittney, and Margaret Rhee. “Hacking the Black/White Binary.” Ada: A Journal of Gender, New Media, and Technology 6 (January 4, 2015). http://adanewmedia.org/2015/01/issue6-cooperrhee/ (Links to an external site.).Beauty Industries & Media LabourHobson, Janelle. “Black Beauty and Digital Spaces: The New Visibility Politics.” Ada: A Journal of Gender, New Media, and Technology 10 (October 31, 2016). http://adanewmedia.org/2016/10/issue10-hobson/ (Links to an external site.).The Work of Reality TVCollins, Cory G. “Drag Race to the Bottom? Updated Notes on the Aesthetic and Political Economy of RuPaul’s Drag Race.” TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2017): 128–34.Jian, Miaoju, and Chang-de Liu. “‘Democratic Entertainment’ Commodity and Unpaid Labor of Reality TV: A Preliminary Analysis of China’s Supergirl.” Inter-Asia Cultural Studies 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 524–43.Netporn & labourMiller-Young, Mireille. “Putting Hypersexuality to Work: Black Women and Illicit Eroticism in Pornography.” 2(2010): 219-235.Bui, Long T. “Sex Hacker: Configuring Chinese Women in the Age of Digital Penetration.” Ada: A Journal of Gender, New Media, and Technology 6 (January 4, 2015). http://adanewmedia.org/2015/01/issue6-bui/ (Links to an external site.)Immigration, Migration and Media LabourBauder, Harald. 2003. “‘Brain Abuse’, or the Devaluation of Immigrant Labour in Canada.” Antipode 35 (4): 699–717.Bauder, Harold. 2008. “Immigration Debate in Canada: How Newspapers Reported, 1996–2004.” Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de L’integration et de La Migration Internationale 9 (3): 289–310.Bhuyan, Rupaleem, Daphne Jeyapal, Jane Ku, Izumi Sakamoto, and Elena Chou. 2017. “Branding ‘Canadian Experience’ in Immigration Policy: Nation Building in a Neoliberal Era.” Journal of International Migration and Integration 18 (1):47–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-015-0467-4 (Links to an external site.).Comments from CustomerDiscipline: media
