Your essay should also contain: the motivation for studying the question, existing hypotheses, and evidence for answering the question (like a literature review), your thoughts or proposed solution/argument to the question.
Perform some data analysis in your essay, especially for the variables of interest that you can access via publicly available data source. Include regression results if applicable. In cases where you cannot find the data you need, you can include the graphs/data plots that you found in other people’s reports or papers, but make sure you understand what the variables in the plots are and cite the source as references. You could also describe what kind of data you need to perform the analysis, even if you don’t have access to the data.
The length of the essay is 5 pages single-spaced, or equivalently, 8 pages double-spaced, which include both graphs (of reasonable size) and text (12pt font). References DO NOT count in these pages, include them in additional pages.