Choose one of the following questions to answer
1. What were the chief causes of the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and is it accurate to describe it as “Islamic”? Explain your answer.
2. The “oil curse” is responsible for the democratic deficit which has long afflicted the Middle East. Discuss.
3. Compare and contrast the ideological worldviews and political strategies of al-Qaeda and ISIS.
4. Evaluate and assess the main challenges confronting the Ottoman Empire during the 19th and early 20th centuries, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of the reforms pursued by successive Ottoman administrations.