The exam consists of questions relating to CJ 500, CJ 501/502, CJ 505, and CJ 521. You will answer one question on each subject, for a total of four answers. You should return your answers as a Microsoft Word document. Remember to include references for each of your answers in APA format. 1. CJ 500 Contemporary Criminal Justice Issues Discuss the ways in which the various Constitutional amendments and key U.S. Supreme Court cases influence the flow of decision making in the criminal justice system, from the discovery of a reported violent felony offense through completion of a served sentence for the convicted felony offender. Do not simply list the flow of decision making; instead, use your knowledge of the criminal justice process to illustrate your discussion of the Constitutional amendments and key U.S. Supreme Court cases. 2. CJ 501-502 Research Methods and Data Analysis A needle exchange program provides clean needles to intravenous drug users. Design a research proposal that will determine whether such a program is effective in reducing infectious diseases (HIV, hepatitis) in a southern US city. Please state any assumptions that you make. Within the context of this assignment: • State your research question. • Provide your null and alternative (research) hypotheses. • What is your independent variable and your dependent variable? • Give an example of how you will measure your key variables. State the level of measurement (nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio) for both your dependent and your independent variable and show why they are the level of measurement you state. • What research design (i.e., cross-sectional, longitudinal, experimental, quasi-experimental) is most appropriate for this study? Why? • What is your population of interest? • Discuss how you will obtain your samples (what type of sampling method will you use and why, what is your sampling frame). Be as specific as possible, including sample size. • How will you conceptualize and operationalize your variables? • What control variables, if any, will you include and why? • Describe the major ethical issues likely to be associated with this study and how you will resolve them. • Provide an explanation of what type of statistical analysis you will use and why. As you will not have any actual data to test, no calculations will be required; but you must describe the data set-up. Determine the degrees of freedom for your test and provide the significance level. • How will you determine if you have a statistically-significant result? • Make the argument for why your measurement approach will have both reliability and validity. • Discuss the policy implications. C R I M I N A L J U S T I C E M . S . C O M P R E H E N S I V E E X A M I N A T I O N | S P R I N G 2022 [ E N D ] 3. CJ 505 Criminal Justice Administration Answer only one (either 3-1 or 3-2) of the following questions related to CJ 505: 3-1: Think like Frederick W. Taylor, Henri Fayol, O. W. Wilson and Luther Gulick for a moment and offer in your own words ten or more managerial principles, axioms, or proverbs for an effective organization that you hope to run someday. You may wish to remember O.W. Wilson who listed organizational principles, or the essays you may have read, including such useful articles as Herbert Simon’s “The Proverbs of Administration.” — or — 3-2: You became the warden of a new medium security prison unit five years ago, and were provided a start-up staff of mostly new correctional officers. You and the few veteran officers in managerial positions found it necessary to lead by giving orders, supervising closely and essentially being “Type-A Managers.” That worked well for the first few years, but now many of the staff are disgruntled, unhappy and express great frustration with the job. Applying the ideas of Chris Argyris and Fred Herzberg, explain what is happening and what you and your senior staff need to do about it. 4. CJ 521 Criminological Theory Choose any two unrelated criminological theories and discuss each theory in detail. Now use each theory to explain (a) a white-collar crime, and (b) an aggravated assault.
