1. An essay 2. A policy-relevant briefing paper Assessment 1 For this assessment you are expected to choose one of the topics below and write an essay. In addressing the subject, you are expected to demonstrate a critical understanding of the theoretical ideas and concepts regarding organised crime explored throughout the module. 1. According to the UNODC (2020), human smuggling is a global concern, and smugglers of migrants are becoming more organised, establishing professional networks that transcend borders. Critically discuss how criminal networks have evolved following Europe’s refugee crisis focusing on routes, markets and challenges for law enforcement. 2. Criminologists and security experts argued early into the COVID-19 pandemic that organised crime might seek to exploit the coronavirus pandemic in several ways (Rusi, 2020). Critically reflect on what opportunities the Covid-19 pandemic has created for organised crime groups focusing on emerging trends, markets and implications for law enforcement, and discuss any evidence as to whether or not such groups appear to have taken advantage of these opportunities.
