Discussion Topic
Week 14 Section VI: Middle Range Theories
Chapter 29: Barrett’s Theory of Power as Knowing Participation in Change
Chapter 30: Marlaine Smith’s Theory of Unitary Caring
Chapter 31: Kristen Swanson’s Theory of Caring
Please read chapters 29, 30, and 31 in your Smith and Parker textbook. Additionally, please review the supplemental links provided below. Utilize this time to become familiar with the presented theorists and think who their framework models will apply to our current nursing environment.
Chapter 29
Video Link
Introduction to Barrett Power Theory
Article Link/Weblink
https://www.drelizabethbarrett.com/background/summary-barrett-power-knowing-participation-change-theory
Chapter 30
Video Link
Part 1 of 2: Marlaine Smith, Co-Editor of Caring in Nursing Classics, Discusses Her Book
Part 2 of 2: Marlaine Smith Discusses the Evolution of Caring Science
Article Link
Caring science and the science of unitary human beings: A trans-theoretical discourse for nursing knowledge development
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/d35d/4d9205bfdb0f9ed32d995821daaaad8ea4c7.pdf
Chapter 31
Video Link
Theory of Caring: Kristen M. Swanson
Article/Web Link
Swanson Theory of Caring
https://swansoncaringtheory.weebly.com/
Discussion Question #8 Original
This assignment is worth 3 Points
After reviewing our three nursing theorists presented this week in chapters 29, 30, and 31. Let’s reflect upon the events that are taking place in healthcare today (Covid-19 Pandemic). Which theorist would you select to construct a framework for care of your staff and patients? Please explain why with examples.
Please review the concepts presented in this attached article below.
***Think about some of the concepts involved. Examples include fear, isolation, family separation, being pregnant and exposed to the virus, psychological issues, guilt, impacted care standards.
Remember your citations and references
Effects of COVID-19 pandemic in daily life.pdf
Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with
free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the
company’s public news and information website.
Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related
research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre – including this
research content – immediately available in PubMed Central and other
publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights
for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means
with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are
granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre
remains active.
Letter to the Editor
Effects of COVID-19 pandemic in daily life
Keywords:
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Pandemic
Healthcare
Dear Editor,
COVID-19 (Coronavirus) has affected day to day life and is slowing down the global economy. This pandemic has affected thousands of peoples, who are either sick or are being killed due to
the spread of this disease. The most common symptoms of this viral
infection are fever, cold, cough, bone pain and breathing problems,
and ultimately leading to pneumonia. This, being a new viral disease affecting humans for the first time, vaccines are not yet available. Thus, the emphasis is on taking extensive precautions such as
extensive hygiene protocol (e.g., regularly washing of hands, avoidance of face to face interaction etc.), social distancing, and wearing
of masks, and so on. This virus is spreading exponentially region
wise. Countries are banning gatherings of people to the spread
and break the exponential curve.1,2 Many countries are locking their
population and enforcing strict quarantine to control the spread of
the havoc of this highly communicable disease.
COVID-19 has rapidly affected our day to day life, businesses,
disrupted the world trade and movements. Identification of the disease at an early stage is vital to control the spread of the virus
because it very rapidly spreads from person to person. Most of
the countries have slowed down their manufacturing of the products.3,4 The various industries and sectors are affected by the cause
of this disease; these include the pharmaceuticals industry, solar
power sector, tourism, Information and electronics industry. This
virus creates significant knock-on effects on the daily life of citizens,
as well as about the global economy.
Presently the impacts of COVID-19 in daily life are extensive and
have far reaching consequences. These can be divided into various
categories:
A) Healthcare
! Challenges in the diagnosis, quarantine and treatment of
suspected or confirmed cases
! High burden of the functioning of the existing medical
system
! Patients with other disease and health problems are getting neglected
! Overload on doctors and other healthcare professionals,
who are at a very high risk
! Overloading of medical shops
! Requirement for high protection
! Disruption of medical supply chain
B) Economic
! Slowing of the manufacturing of essential goods
! Disrupt the supply chain of products
! Losses in national and international business
! Poor cash flow in the market
! Significant slowing down in the revenue growth
C) Social
! Service sector is not being able to provide their proper
service
! Cancellation or postponement of large-scale sports and
tournaments
! Avoiding the national and international travelling and
cancellation of services
! Disruption of celebration of cultural, religious and festive
events
! Undue stress among the population
! Social distancing with our peers and family members
! Closure of the hotels, restaurants and religious places
! Closure of places for entertainment such as movie and play
theatres, sports clubs, gymnasiums, swimming pools, and
so on.
! Postponement of examinations
This COVID-19 has affected the sources of supply and effects
the global economy. There are restrictions of travelling from
one country to another country. During travelling, numbers of
cases are identified positive when tested, especially when they
are taking international visits.5 All governments, health organisations and other authorities are continuously focussing on identifying the cases affected by the COVID-19. Healthcare
professional face lot of difficulties in maintaining the quality of
healthcare in these days.
Declaration of competing interest
None declared.
References
1. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel
coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet. 2020;395(10223):497e506.
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Current Medicine Research and Practice
journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/cmrp
Current Medicine Research and Practice 10 (2020) 78e79
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmrp.2020.03.011
2352-0817/© 2020 Sir Ganga Ram Hospital. Published by Elsevier, a division of RELX India, Pvt. Ltd. All rights reserved.
2. Wang M, Cao R, Zhang L, et al. Remdesivir and chloroquine effectively inhibit the
recently emerged novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in vitro. Cell Res. 2020;30(3):
269e271.
3. Jin YH, Cai L, Cheng ZS, et al. A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard
version). Mil Med Res. 2020;7(1):4.
4. Campbell D, Bannock. ‘Unlike Anything Seen in Peacetime’: NHS Prepares for Surge
in Covid-19 Cases; 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/13/
unlike-anything-seen-in-peacetime-nhs-prepares-for-surge-in-covid-19-coronavirus-cases.
5. Chinazzi M, Davis JT, Ajelli M, et al. The effect of travel restrictions on the spread
of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. Science. 2020. https://
doi.org/10.1126/science.aba9757.
Abid Haleem1
, Mohd Javaid**,2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jamia Millia Islamia, New
Delhi, India
E-mail address: email@email.email (A. Haleem).
Raju Vaishya3
Department of Orthopaedics, Indraprastha Apollo Hospital, Sarita
Vihar Mathura Road, New Delhi, 110076, India
E-mail address: email@email.email.
* Corresponding author.
E-mail address: email@email.email (M. Javaid).
21 March 2020
Available online 3 April 2020
As we progress through the latter part of our course and exploration of additional nursing theorists. I do not know if anyone has noticed that the concepts have a closer correlation with the issues that are applicable to current practice.
Think about the duties that you are currently performing, advanced technology, and relevant concepts that we currently encounter. This week as we progress though our Middle Range Theories, we are going to look at the Barrett’s Theory of Power as Knowing Participation in Change, Smith’s Theory of Unitary Caring, and Swanson’s Theory of Caring. What comes to mind when we think of these theoretical viewpoints in nursing?
Section VI: Middle Range Theories
Chapter 29 – Barrett’s Theory of Power as Knowing Participation in Change
In brief this theory proposes, is the capacity to participate knowingly in the nature of change characterizing the continuous mutual process of people and their world. The observable, measurable dimensions of power are awareness, choices, freedom to act intentionally, and involvement in creating change (Barrett, 1983).
How does one engage in transformation? What does it involve?
Major assumptions of Barrett’s Theory of Power as Knowing Participation in Change include:
(1) power is a phenomenon that exists in the universe; (2) human beings are born with power; (3) no one can give power to another, and no one can take power away; and (4) human beings have free will and can knowingly participate in creating change (Smith & Parker, 2015).
Chapter 30 – Marlaine Smith’s Theory of Unitary Caring
Unitary Caring Science offers a personal-professional path of authenticity, bringing universals of Love, Energy, Spirit, Infinity of Purpose, and Meaning back into nurse’s lives and their life’s work. Unitary Caring Science serves as a continuing, evolving message to the next generation of nurse scholars.
How can we apply this concept to the practice environment of todays nursing?
An analysis of the caring literature revealed that caring was a multidimensional concept that assumed multiple meanings depending on the framework within which it was situated or the lens from which it was viewed (Smith & Parker, 2015).
Chapter 31 – Kristen Swanson’s Theory of Caring
Swanson’s caring theory outlines five caring processes: knowing, being with, doing for, enabling, and maintaining belief. Nurse educators can utilize these caring processes to teach nursing students by cultivating meaningful, healing relationships.
Spending time with your patients, what will you gather from them as a nursing professional? What collaborative initiatives come to mind?
Smith and Parker (2015) states, when a provider takes the time to know, be with, do for, enable, and maintain belief in the other, the recipient feels a sense of wholeness – that is they feel understood, valued, safe and comforted, capable, and hopeful for the future. I believe caring and healing is possible whenever a provider acts with the recipient’s best interests (pp. 530-531).
