Answer these question in essays, referring to textbook and outside sources.
1- The practice of counselling has boomed in recent years in Emirati society. Proliferation of training courses, workshops and academic degrees offering a wide range of theoretical perspectives and applied frameworks were established. Yet despite such expansion, there is cause for concern that counselling is set within a historically, socially, and culturally narrow structure. Are these academic trainings address and meet the challenges of the complex and unique needs of increasingly diverse client populations?
Explain and illustrate with examples (5 points)
2- The study of mental illness in the Arab societies has not been taken seriously by Arab or Western scholars. There is a link between mental illness, sadness, al-junun or even possession by demon in the Arabic and Muslim cultures. Acknowledging the influence of cultural traditions, and religion both on the client and the counselor, one can assert that while religion affects therapists’ judgment as well as the techniques they employ, it helps clients against mental illnesses such as depression, suicide, substance use and abuse. Concepts of mental illness, sadness and al-junun are rooted in the Arab-Islamic culture. Mental illness is often guided by two kinds of models of therapeutic processes: psychiatry guided by Western diagnostic systems and Islamic traditional healing practices which emphasizes on Muslim religion.
Explain and illustrate with examples (5 points)
3- Analyze and Examine the role of prejudice, stigma, and oppression in the leading institutional structures such as the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, professional organizations, and the social representations of mental illness.
Explain and illustrate with examples (5 points)
4- Culture is a socially organized practical activity that shapes human mental health. When it comes to mental health issues, there is no escape from culture.
Explain and illustrate with examples (5 points)
