1. Describe the basic characteristics of the Vedas.
2. Explain in what ways Vedic sacrifices/rituals are understood as (a) benefiting the patron/sponsor of the ritual, (b) benefiting the gods, and (c) supporting the cosmic order (ta).
3. How do the Upaniads differ from the early parts of the Vedas? Trace and discuss the development of the new religious trends, in beliefs and practices, that they represent.
