Sera Unread Quantitative research is defined as research design performed by evaluating numbers and numeric variables that result in measurable data (Helbig, 2018). In quantitative research, researchers use questionnaires and surveys with close-end questions. Researchers should use the deductive reasoning which starts with hypothesis. Then, they collect the necessary data and analyze them to prove their hypothesis. Quantitative research includes descriptive research where the data are collected first and then analyzed. From the analyzed data, a hypothesis is formed. On the other hand, qualitative research design is conducted by evaluating nonnumeric variables (Helbig, 2018). Data collection is carried out through descriptive characteristics which cannot be measured with numbers. This research design is used to obtain understanding of cultures, traditions, behaviors, and customs. Also, unlike quantitative research, it uses inductive method using open-ended questions and observations to find certain patterns. Sometimes quantitative and qualitative research alone has its limitations. Mixed methods incorporate both quantitative and qualitative design methods (Helbig, 2018). According to Younas et al (2019), mixed-methods research can enable researchers to explore and understand complex human health processes. These methods are helpful for researchers to obtain a comprehensive and enriched understanding of a single phenomenon. However, mixed-methods research articles can be rejected for publication due to the researchers’ inability to clearly articulate justification for using a mixed-methods design and lack of integration of qualitative and quantitative data (Younas et al., 2019). Such factors can compromise the rigor of this method which can lead to inadequate conclusions.
