How does the Nile Valley ancient art, architecture and literary tradition refute European ideas regarding the primitive beginnings of Africans articulated in social Darwinism? Compare and/or contrast the social values of the Nile Valley’s original cosmology/theology with the social values innate in Western culture’s cosmologies/theologies. How does the ancient African view of human origins, identity and potential human destiny compare and/or contrast with the modern Western worldview on this topic? How was this ancient view articulated in the literary culture, art and architecture of the ancient Nile Valley?