Quran; Shared Stories, Rival Tellings by Robert C Gregg; The Emergence of Islam: Classical Traditions in Contemporary Perspectives by Gabriel Said Reynolds; History of Islamic Societies by Ira M Lapidus; Black Crescent by Michael A.Gomez; and Empires of Medieval West Africa by David Conrad. Write a paper showing that Africans captured for the TransAtlantic Slave Trade were largely rooted in the Islamic Experience, with sophisticated family and tribal systems and highly educated and innovative. Trade routes required secluded tribes to adapt to and become part of the Islamic tradition. The historical presence of Islam grew into Empires over the years and the Islamic presence remained in the land at the time of the transatlantic trade. In colonial America, remnants of the Islamic experience of slaves are scribed into the furniture and boards of the earliest churches built with slave labor. American education leads one to believe that the kidnapped Africans were tribal savages without organized or Abrahamic religion, self-governance or education.
