Please answer these philosophy questions : To setup your explanation of Socrates` account of virtue and vice, describe how a person who has the virtue of temperance behaves, and contrast this with how a person who has the vice of intemperance behaves. Explain how Socrates` “Virtue as Knowledge” view accounts the differences between a temperate person and an intemperate person in terms of their knowledge of good and evil. (To do this, explain the relevance of the following for Socrates` account: Hedonism, the power of appearances, the art of measurement, the motivational strength of good/pleasure and evil/pain, and knowledge as a “noble and commanding thing”.) Explain Aristotle`s view that the virtue of temperance is a mean between the vice of deficiency, i.e., being insensible, and the vice of excess, i.e., being intemperate/self-indulgent/spoiled. Explain Aristotle`s distinction between someone who is temperate and someone who is self-restrained (i.e., is continent), as well as his distinction between a person who is intemperate and a person who lacks self-restraint (i.e., is incontinent). On Socrates` view, a temperate person is one who has knowledge of good and evil, but on Aristotle`s view, a temperate person has more than this. She has learned to modify the strength of her passions in a manner that would promote her own well-being and the good of others. Present a case to illustrate how their views differ and based on that case explain why you think one view is preferable to the other. Note: We examined the following Books and Chapters from Nicomachean Ethics: B I – C 7,8,13 B II – C 1, 2, 6 B III – C 1
