Study Guide (The below concepts may be seen on the Comprehensive Final Exam as well) 1. Gynecomastia a. Define b. How does it occur c. Age related considerations 2. Breast Self-examination (BSE) a. What areas should be pressed? b. How to perform c. When should the client perform? i. Pre menopause vs post menopause 3. Infra mammary ridge 4. Skin/nipple retraction assessment and positioning 5. Benign prostatic hypertrophy a. Define b. Causes 6. Peyronies disease a. Define 7. Jock itch (Tinea cruris) a. What is it? b. How does it occur? 8. Testicular Self-Examination a. What areas should be pressed? b. How to perform c. When should the client perform? d. Teaching: Increased pressure during the assessment 9. Hernia a. What is it? b. What is an inguinal hernia? 10. Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) a. What is it? b. Characteristics 11. Urinary Infections a. Manifestations b. Elderly manifestations 12. Define nocturia a. What does it indicate? 13. Colon Cancer a. Diet 14. Define Prostatitis 15. Iron supplements a. Expectations/teaching: Stool assessment 16. What does gray, yellow, and occult blood stool indicate? Exam 3 and Study Guide (The below concepts may be seen on the Comprehensive Final Exam as well) 17. Define hemorrhoids a. Characteristics 18. Rectal Exam positioning 19. Colonoscopy a. Age considerations 20. Bladder a. Palpation b. Nursing considerations prior to bladder assessment 21. Urge incontinence vs Stress incontinence 22. Menopause a. Manifestations b. Hormone replacement therapy questions 23. Mammogram a. Age considerations 24. Anatomical location of ureteral meatus and vaginal orifice 25. Heart sounds Landmarks 26. Expected findings of aging a. Expected changes in systolic vs diastolic blood pressure b. Dysrhythmias c. Teaching for decreasing bone loss d. Activities of daily living e. Functional risks 27. Heart Disease a. Client manifestations b. Risk factors (modifiable and non-modifiable) 28. Define S1, S2, S3, S4 29. Define SA and AV Node 30. Carotid a. How to assess (palpation and auscultation) b. Cervical stethoscope placement 31. Define Bruit and thrill a. Meaning of bruit and thrill in the artery 32. Murmurs a. Documentation (Four components) b. Where do systolic murmurs fall in the S1-S1 sequence? c. Where do diastolic murmurs fall in the S1-S1 sequence? 33. Blood flow regulation a. Blood movement: Veins and artery b. What mechanisms help the blood get back to heart via the veins? c. What mechanisms help the arteries send blood away to the body? 34. Fluid volume overload Exam 3 and Study Guide (The below concepts may be seen on the Comprehensive Final Exam as well) a. How to measure Jugular Venous Pressure? b. What instruments do you need? c. What is a normal JVP measurement? d. What does edema indicate? 35. Modified Allen’s test a. Why is the test performed? b. How to perform c. How do we know that there is adequate circulation to the extremity? 36. Edema and pain a. What could this indicate? b. What assessments might you perform? c. Why would measurements be beneficial? 37. Anatomical locations of the dorsalis pedis, posterior tibial, popliteal, and femoral pulses. 38. Chest pain a. Stable vs unstable angina 39. Arterial insufficiency vs venous insufficiency a. Why does it occur? b. Manifestation of each c. Location of arterial vs venous ulcers 40. Lymph Nodes a. Know locations of preauricular, post auricular, occipital, jugulodisgatric, submandibular, submental, anterior cervical chain, posterior cervical chain, deep cervical chain, and supraclavicular nodes. b. Normal vs abnormal lymph node assessment c. Inguinal node (drain pattern and infection) 41. Breath sounds a. Normal vs abnormal on auscultation b. Sounds to report to the physician (emergency) c. Rales (Wheezes) – Why do they occur? i. Two types of wheezes and their quality ii. What does this indicate or why do they occur? d. Rhonchi (Crackles) i. Two types of crackles and their quality ii. What does this indicate or why do they occur? 42. High Risk Respiratory issues: a. Occupational hazards significance (which occupations are at higher risk?) 43. Anterior/Posterior diameter (AP Diameter) a. How to perform b. What are normal abnormal (barrel chest) measurements? i. Why does barrel chest 44. Auscultation Exam 3 and Study Guide (The below concepts may be seen on the Comprehensive Final Exam as well) a. What to do when you are unsure about what you are hearing during auscultation? 45. Percussion: a. What information does percussion tell us? b. What sounds should you hear on percussion over healthy vs unhealthy lungs? i. What would the indications be for abnormals? 46. Define Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea (PND) a. When does it occur? b. What position is usually palliative? 47. Breast Lymphatic drainage: a. Right lymphatic drainage b. Left lymphatic drainage c. Iliac nodes, thoracic duct, mesenteric nodes, cubital nodes, and cisterna chili drainage into which duct? 48. Order of abdominal Assessment a. Nursing techniques – Rationale for specific order b. Pain areas 49. Abdomen (GI) a. Auscultation of Abdomen b. Normal range c. Different types of bowel sounds d. How long to listen in each quadrant (normal/abnormals) e. Interview questions f. Major organs in each quadrant g. Rebound tenderness and indications 50. Constipation and Bowel Movement a. Subjective data b. Questions to ask your clients c. Characteristics
